Maggie Did More For The Workers Than Her Leftie Critics Ever Did

 Delightful: Mrs Thatcher pictured visiting Mr and Mrs Patterson (at front door), a young married couple who had just bought their own council house, becoming the 12,000th former tenants to do so

By Dominic Sandbrook

Throughout all the hours of TV footage  celebrating the life of Margaret Thatcher, one moment above all caught my attention.

It had nothing to do with the Falklands War, the miners’ strike or the other great set-piece battles of the Thatcher years. Indeed, in many ways it was far more mundane.

The date was August 16, 1980; the place, Amersham Road in Harold Hill, a gigantic post-war housing estate in Essex. Mrs Thatcher was visiting Mr and Mrs Patterson, a young married couple who had just bought their own council house, becoming the 12,000th former tenants to do so.

With the cameras gazing on, poor Mr and Mrs Patterson looked understandably nervous. But the Iron Lady was in her element, delightedly handing over the deeds and congratulating them on their achievement.

‘Don’t you think this is lovely?’ she told the cameras, indicating the Pattersons’ new kitchen units. ‘Mr Patterson is a handyman and he’s put in all these. He’s done the garden and the shed outside.’

In print this scene looks trivial, even banal. But I believe this exchange, more than any other, holds the key to Margaret Thatcher’s extraordinary success — her instinctive grasp of what young, aspirational working-class people wanted.

No doubt many of her critics, who have been out in force since her death, struggle to understand this moment. For in Left-wing mythology, Mrs Thatcher was simply on the side of the rich, ground the faces of the poor into the dirt and sneered at people such as the Pattersons.

It is extraordinary, in fact, how little regard her critics often have for the details of history. Yesterday, one friend even showed me a photograph of fresh graffiti in Brixton blaming Mrs Thatcher for the Hillsborough disaster — which she did nothing whatsoever to cause.

Perhaps the greatest canard about the Thatcher years is that she was merely the champion of the wealthy and created an unequal Britain. But this is nonsense. She did not win three elections by appealing just to millionaires.

By the end of the 1970s, millions of people — young and old, rich and poor, black and white, Labour and Tory — were sick of the spectre of national decline. They were tired of the endless routine of industrial strikes, frustrated at the stagnation of their earnings and impatient for a better, more prosperous future. Council house sales were the classic example. Labour had flirted with the issue in the 1970s, but dropped it after pressure from the Left. 

Perhaps the greatest canard about the Thatcher years is that she was merely the champion of the wealthy and created an unequal Britain. Nonsense. She did not win three elections by appealing just to millionaires

But it took Mrs Thatcher — in her own words a ‘plain, straightforward provincial’ — to push it through.

And in doing so, she liberated millions of council tenants from what the Labour minister Tony Crosland had once called ‘the whiff of welfare, of subsidisation, of huge uniform estates and generally of second-class citizenship’.

Indeed, more than any of her grouse-moor Tory predecessors, let alone her privileged modern-day successors, she was determined to smash the obstacles that held people back. As one of her Shadow Cabinet reports put it in the late 1970s, her party’s aim was to ‘jump the class barrier’.

To the patrician, public-school Tory Wets, this was anathema. There was no love lost between the grocer’s daughter and the privileged men who once dominated the party. ‘I felt no sympathy for them,’ Mrs Thatcher said later of her well-heeled opponents. ‘They had fought me unscrupulously all the way.’

Many critics struggle to cope with the idea of Mrs Thatcher as the champion of opportunity, battling with the forces of privilege. They are so accustomed to treating her as the devil incarnate that they entirely miss her historic role as a warrior for working-class aspiration.

She was not, of course, infallible. In my view, her economic policies in the early 1980s were too rigid.

In February 1981, when plans to close 23 pits seemed likely to provoke a nationwide coal strike, Thatcher immediately backed down. The pits stayed open and the strike never happened

The poll tax was a shambles from start to finish. And she never seemed to understand the suffering of people in the industrial North, who — through no fault of their own — had become the victims of globalisation.

All the same, many of the most strident criticisms aimed in her direction are built on distortions, half-truths and outright falsehoods. We are told, for example, that Mrs Thatcher was determined to seek confrontation with the miners, partly as revenge for their successful strikes in 1972 and 1974, but also because she supposedly hated the British working classes.

Alas, this view is utter nonsense. Far from seeking a showdown, the Thatcher government actually adopted a remarkably conciliatory attitude to the National Union of Mineworkers. In February 1981, when plans to close 23 pits seemed likely to provoke a nationwide coal strike, she immediately backed down. The pits stayed open and the strike never happened.

Three years later, the miners’ leader Arthur Scargill led his troops into battle as part of his doomed and futile crusade to ‘roll back Thatcherism’. The confrontation was famously bitter, with pitched battles between pickets and police.

And as the reaction from pit villages since her death suggests, the wounds have still not healed. Yet who was really responsible? Ask Neil Kinnock, who led the Labour Party during the miners’ strike of 1984-5.

‘I don’t blame her for taking advantage of the circumstances,’ Mr Kinnock told the BBC on Monday night. ‘I’m much more inclined to blame Scargill for the appalling defeat he inflicted on the coal-mining communities of Britain.’

Indeed, it is also a myth that Mrs Thatcher destroyed the coal industry. Even before she took office, it was already a shadow of its former self.

The stark fact is that more pits were closed in the 1960s than the 1980s. Yet who today blames the then Labour Prime Minister Harold Wilson?

And although the closure of the pits was a devastating blow for mining communities up and down the land, who would want to work down a mine today?

A bitter confrontation: In 1984, the miners' leader Arthur Scargill (pictured centre) led his troops into battle as part of his doomed and futile crusade to 'roll back Thatcherism'

Blame game: It's a myth that Mrs Thatcher destroyed the coal industry. Even before she took office, it was already a shadow of its former self. The stark fact is that more pits were closed in the 1960s than the 1980s

Do Mrs Thatcher’s critics really believe that thousands of men should still be toiling half-naked in desperately dark and dangerous conditions, so that our skies can once again be filled with the thick black smoke from coal fires?

It is a falsehood, too, that she somehow single-handedly shut down British manufacturing.

Employment in manufacturing certainly fell, down to two million from six million between 1979 and 1987.

But was Britain booming before she took office? Hardly.

Industries such as steel production and car-making were an international joke, while the country’s national finances were so bad that in 1976 we had been forced to seek the biggest bailout in history from the International Monetary Fund.

The truth is that a radical shake-up of British industry, which had limped along on government subsidies for far too long, was badly overdue.

Admired: No Prime Minister since Clement Attlee, who led the Labour government after World War II, was more devoted to the cause of working-class aspiration than Lady Thatcher

And although manufacturing’s share of British gross domestic product fell from 29 per cent to 22 per cent, this was mirrored in many other major Western economies. Even today, when we are told we no longer make things, we are still in the top ten of the world’s manufacturing exporters.

Yet without Mrs Thatcher’s reforms, which massively boosted British productivity and banished the curse of industrial unrest, would this have been possible? I doubt it.

Only the most one-eyed of her admirers would deny that, for many people, the 1980s were desperately difficult years. In truth, though, Britain was always facing an immensely painful transition.

And unemployment was always likely to rise; to put it crudely, this was the inevitable penalty after years of decline.

The stark reality of globalisation meant major industries, such as car-making, shipbuilding and coal mining, were doomed before she took power.

To make matters worse, her predecessors had put off the difficult decisions for far too long, which meant that the pain would eventually be all the greater.

As a robust and confrontational woman, Mrs Thatcher became a convenient scapegoat. But the Left are wrong — and often maliciously wrong — to hold her responsible for everything they dislike about Britain since 1979. Above all, they are wrong to peddle the line that she was the enemy of the working classes.

No Prime Minister since Clement Attlee, who led the Labour government after World War II, was more devoted to the cause of working-class aspiration.

Mrs Thatcher herself was a great admirer of Attlee, a man of deep patriotism, responsibility and moral seriousness. In 1979, she even told his old supporters: ‘We offer you a political home where you can honourably realise the ideals which took you into the Labour Party in the first place.’ Her dream was to transform ordinary people’s lives by giving them more personal freedom and encouraging them to stand on their own two feet. 

Necessary action: It is also a myth that Lady Thatcher was a warmonger. Unlike, say, Tony Blair, she only fought one war, in the Falklands - and that was forced on her by Argentine aggression

Of course, this was anathema to the high-minded, well-born Left, who preferred working-class people to wear flat caps, to march behind union banners and to stay in their place.

Throughout the 1980s, working-class people who dared to improve themselves were derided by their sneering social superiors as tasteless spivs, as in comedian Harry Enfield’s merciless Loadsamoney sketch.

Even Mrs Thatcher’s overdue deregulation of the City of London, that closed cabal of privileged public school toffs, attracted flak from the Hampstead intellectuals who hated the thought of throwing open the doors to bright, ambitious boys from Essex comprehensives.

It is also a myth that she was a warmonger. Unlike, say, Tony Blair, she only fought one war, in the Falklands — and that was forced on her by Argentine aggression. Far from pursuing the war for political ends, she was initially encouraged by the Left-wing Labour leader Michael Foot, who rightly condemned the Argentine invasion as ‘an act of naked, unqualified aggression, carried out in the most shameful and disreputable circumstances’.

As Foot pointed out at the time, the Argentine junta was a callous fascist regime that had slaughtered thousands of its people.

Little wonder that the British people overwhelmingly rallied to the Falklands Islanders’ cause. Even the controversial sinking of the General Belgrano, the ageing Argentine warship torpedoed with the loss of 323 lives, was much more complicated than the carping critics suggest. The ship was, indeed, sailing away from the Falklands, but since it had already zigzagged back and forth, it remained a danger to British Forces.

To their credit, the Argentine navy never made a great fuss about the loss of their ship — unlike their more hypocritical sympathisers in Britain. ‘The entire South Atlantic was an operational theatre for both sides,’ remarked the officer in charge of Argentina’s naval task force, who thought the sinking a perfectly legitimate act of war.

‘We, as professionals, said it was just too bad that we lost the Belgrano.’

 Of course, I realise that some people are deaf to reason on such issues. For them, Mrs Thatcher can do no right. So it is that the myths pile up.

In 1989, a year before her fall from office, Mrs Thatcher acknowledged some people hated her for encouraging aspiration. ‘It’s true,’ she said, ‘that there are some who publicly criticise those who aspire to a higher standard of living.

‘But the truth is that human aspiration in all its fullness — the arts, the sciences, commerce, travel, intellectual pursuits — all these have never had greater scope than that opened up by the material benefits which Western capitalism, uniquely, has brought into existence.’

She was right about that. The Left hated her for it. But as Mr and Mrs Patterson could have told them after buying their council house, millions of ordinary people agreed with her.